29 fresh cases of Zika virus have been reported in Jaipur in Rajasthan a state of India. the centre constituted a seven-member committee to investigate Zika virus cases. A central team from the health ministry has also deputed in Jaipur to assess the Rajasthan government in controlling and containing the Zika virus.
Zika Virus In India
The Zika virus is back in India after at least 29 people have tested positive in Jaipur in Rajasthan. The Zika virus first came to India in early 2017 when 2 cases were reported both successfully contained through intensive surveillance and vector management. The current outbreak of Zika virus affecting more people the Prime Minister’s office has sought a detailed report from the health ministry. the health ministry, on the other hand, has asked people not to panic saying the situation is under control.
A control room has also been activated at the National Centre for Disease Control to undertake regular monitoring of the situation, an exercise of forging and spraying to control the breeding of mosquitoes has begun across Jaipur in India. Authority has also surveyed over 6000 houses and treated over 2000 containers with a chemical called temephos.
Bihar in India have received advisory to all its 38 districts as one of the affected in Jaipur is a student from Bihar. even though a WHO notification from November 2016 removes the Zika virus from the list of Public Health emergency of international concern. the Indian government has continued to look out for the Deadly Zika virus.
What Is Zika Virus?
Zika virus disease is caused by a virus that is transmitted primarily by Aedes mosquito that bites during the day. this is the same mosquito that transmits dengue, Chikungunya and yellow fever. Zika Virus symptoms are generally Mile and include as Nipah Virus symptoms like fever, Rash, conjunctivitis, malaise and joint pain below eyes or a headache.
Most people with Zika virus infection don’t develop symptoms. Zika virus infection during pregnancy can cause incense to be born with microcephaly and other congenital malformations known as congenital Zika syndrome. the Zika virus is also associated with other complications of pregnancy including pre-term birth and miscarriage. Zika virus can also be transmitted through sexual intercourse and increased risk of neurological complications is associated with Zika virus infection in adults and children.
Treatment For Zika Virus
There is no treatment available for Zika virus infection or its associated diseases. symptoms of the infection are usually mild, people exhibiting these symptoms like fever, Rash or arthralgia should get plenty of rest, drink fruits and treat pain and fever with common medicines. if symptoms worsen then patients should seek medical care and advise.
Pregnant women living in areas with Zika transmission or who developed symptoms of Zika virus infection should seek medical attention for laboratory testing and other clinical care.
Protection Against Zika Virus
Prevention Is always better than cure, protection against mosquito bites during the day and early evening is a key measure to prevent Zika virus infection. Special attention should be given to prevention of mosquito bites among pregnant women, women of reproductive age and young children. personal protection measures include wearing clothing that covers as much of the body as possible. Using physical barriers such as window screens and closed doors and windows and applying insect repellent to skin or clothing.
Young children and pregnant women should sleep under the mosquito nets during the day or early evening. Travellers and those living in affected areas should take the same basic precautions. it is mosquito breed in a small collection of water around homes, schools and work sites. it is important to eliminate this mosquito breathing side by covering water storage containers, removing standing water in flower pots etc.
Community initiatives are essential to support local government and Public Health programs to reduce mosquitoes breeding sites. Health authorities may also advise the use of larvicides and insecticides to reduce mosquitoes populations and disease spread.No vaccine for prevention or treatment of Zika virus infection, development of a vaccine remains an active area of research.
History Of Zika Virus For Upsc Exam
Zika virus was first identified in 1947 in Uganda, it had affected monkeys in the Zika forest and this virus got its name from Zika forest. the macaque monkey was placed in a cage by a scientist researching yellow fever the second isolation from the mosquito Aedes African has happened at the same place in January 1948. Note this outbreak timeline it is very important for upcoming upsc examination.
Spread Of Zika Virus (Outbreaks)
| S.n | Year | Zika Virus History (Outbreaks -Timeline) |
| 1 | 1952 | First detected in humans in Uganda and Tanzania. |
| 2 | 1954 | Isolated from a young girl in East Nigeria. |
| 3 | 1964 | Ugandan researcher contracts virus from mosquitoes. |
| 4 | 1960s-1980s | Detected in mosquitos and monkeys in equatorial Africa. |
| 5 | 1960s-1980s | Virus moved from Uganda to western Africa. |
| 6 | 1960s-1980s | Sporadic human cases identified, disease regarded as benign. |
| 7 | 1969-1983 | Expands to equatorial Asia – India, Indonesia, Malaysia, Pakistan. |
| 8 | 1969-1983 | Identified in mosquitoes in Asia. |
| 9 | 1969-1983 | Sporadic human cases with mild symptoms. |
| 10 | 1969-1983 | No outbreaks detected in Asia. |
| 11 | 2007 | First large Zika outbreak in humans in Pacific island of Yap. |
| 12 | Before 2007 | only 14 cases were reported worldwide. |
| 13 | 2008 | The first case of sexual transmission of Zika virus recorded. |
| 14 | 2013-2014 | Outbreaks in four other groups of Pacific islands. |
| 15 | 2013-2014 | Outbreaks in French Polynesia, Easter Island, Cook Islands, New Caledonia. |
| 16 | 2017 | Outbreak In India 2 cases. |
| 17 | 2018 | Outbreak In India 29 Cases Of Zika Virus. |
Zika Virus In Hindi
ज़ीका वायरस इतिहास और खतरनाक सफ़र
- 1947 में युगांडा के ज़ीका जंगल में पाया गया था|
- पहली बार बंदर में मिला वायरस था|
- 1952 में युगांडा और तंजानिया की आबादी में पाया गया|
- 1960 से 1980 के बीच अफ्रीका और एशिया के इंसानों में पाया गया|
- 2007 में प्रशांत क्षेत्र जिका वायरस की दस्तक हुई और यैप द्वीप में कई लोग चपेट में आया|
- 2012 में अफ्रीकी और एशियाई जीका अलग होने का दावा किया गया|
- 2013-14 में फ्रेंच पॉलिनेजिया, ईस्टर आईलैंड, कुक आईलैंड और न्यू कैलेडोनिया में फैला गया|
गर्भ में पल रहे बच्चों पर असर का शक हुआ और फ्रेंच पॉलिनेजिया में पैदा हुए बच्चों में विकृति पाई गई| 2015 में ब्राजील के नवजात बच्चों में माइक्रोसीफली के मामले सामने आने लगें| नवंबर 2015 में ब्राजील में स्वास्थ्य आपातकाल करना पड़ा और
11 फरवरी 2016 में विश्व स्वास्थ्य संगठन ने चेतावनी जारी की|
जीका वायरस के कारण माइक्रोसेफेली
माइक्रोसेफेली एक जन्मजात बीमारी जिसमे बच्चे का सिर अपेक्षा से काफी छोटा होता है और अक्सर मस्तिष्क का अल्प विकास ही हो पाता है| इस बीमारी का अभी तक कोई ज्ञात उपचार मौजूद नहीं है|
जीका वायरस का लक्षण
- जोड़ों में तेज़ दर्द
- आंखें लाल होना
- सिर दर्द
- शरीर पर रैशेज
- उल्टियां होना
- चिड़चिड़ापन
- बेचैनी
- तेज़ बुखार
ज़ीका वायरस बचने के उपाय
- आसपास का वातावरण साफ रखें|
- समय-समय पर कीटनाशक दवाइयों का छिड़काव कराएं|
- स्वच्छ धुले हुए हल्के रंग के वस्त्र पहनें|
- बाहर का खाना खाने से बचे|
- बिस्तर पर मच्छरदानी और बाहर निकलते । समय शरीर पर क्रीम रेपलेंट का इस्तेमाल करें|
- मच्छरों से बचने के लिए पूरे शरीर को ढककर रखें और हल्के रंग के कपड़े पहनें|
- अपने घर के आसपास गमले, बाल्टी, कूलर में भरा पानी निकाल दें अधिक से अधिक तरल पदार्थों का सेवन और भरपूर आराम करे ” हालत बिगड़ने पर फौरन डॉक्टर से संपर्क करे|
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